![]() ![]() GS = Die fröhliche Wissenschaft frequently translated as The Gay Science or The Joyful Wisdom.BT = Die Geburt der Tragödie translated as The Birth of Tragedy.BGE = Jenseits von Gut und Böse translated as Beyond Good and Evil.AOM = Vermischte Meinungen und Sprüche (in Menschliches Allzumenschliches II): frequently translated as Assorted Opinions and Maxims.I believe that the aspect of chief importance, when creating or judging a piece of art, is self-knowledge without this, you are simply a product of the humanized world – of the people and things that surround you – and art has no way of communicating to you.Ībbreviations for the five of Nietzsche’s published works, selected for use in this paper: I hold the position that any individual creative expression can be considered art. Nietzsche speaks of chaos, or one’s individual creativity, which – when sought through the acquisition of self-knowledge – will result in a dancing star, or a unique contribution to the world, accompanied by a feeling of divine happiness. Art is regarded as an expression of this human freedom. These ideas have come to be associated with Friedrich Nietzsche, who argued that humans must exercise their natural freedom or risk destroying mankind’s capacity to think critically. “For the existentialists, the human being is ‘more’ than what it is: not only does the human being know that it is but, on the basis of this fundamental knowledge, this being can choose how it will ‘use’ its own being, and thus how it will relate to the world.” Įxistentialism is the philosophical theory that claims, “existence precedes essence”, as Jean Paul Sartre said. ![]()
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